Financial Due Diligence

Financial due diligence answers a single fundamental question: is the price right? It does not audit the accounts—that is the role of an audit—nor is its primary purpose to investigate fraud. It validates that the EBITDA upon which an entry multiple is applied reflects true, recurring earning power, and that the closing balance sheet matches transaction assumptions.

Target Companies

Evaluated by maturity, not hype

We analyze opportunities based on technical maturity—TRL 3 to 9—across any geography, technology stack, or industry sector. We follow the problem, not the trend.

TRL 3 → 9

From proof-of-concept to deployment.

Global Scope

Expert contributors across the Western Hemisphere.

Agnostic Tech

Broad spectrum deep tech evaluation.

All Sectors

Guided purely by commercial opportunity.

— We do not review TRL 1–2 (initial concept and basic research stages).

Core Pillars

Where valuation is determined

Every adjustment uncovered directly impacts valuation. An extraordinary expense misclassified as recurring, once multiplied, represents capital shifting hands at close.

01

Quality of Earnings (QoE)

The normalized EBITDA to which a buyer applies an entry multiple. Beyond headline numbers, we isolate sustainable and recurring earning power.

  • Non-recurring items & one-offs
  • Owner add-backs & personal expenses
  • Accounting policy normalization
  • Run-rate adjustments
  • Pro-forma adjustments
02

Normalized Working Capital

A business is acquired with an agreed "normal" level of working capital. Setting the correct peg is as material to purchase price as QoE itself.

  • 12-month trailing moving average
  • Seasonality adjustments
  • DSO, DPO, and DIO trends
  • Month-by-month peg defense
03

Debt & Debt-Like Items

Enterprise Value minus Net Debt equals Equity Value. Identifying debt-like items directly impacts net cash proceeds at closing.

  • Capitalized leases
  • Pension underfunding
  • Deferred purchase consideration
  • Outstanding tax and payroll liabilities
  • Deferred revenue & customer advances
  • Litigation reserves & earn-outs
Transaction Context

Calibrated diligence focus

Venture Capital

Unit Economics

In Series B and beyond, focus shifts to unit economics, cohort retention, runway, burn multiple, and revenue recognition policies. For loss-making companies, we verify whether burn drives growth or reflects broken economics.

Private Equity

Full Scope

Complete QoE analysis, working capital pegs, debt-like item identification, customer/supplier concentration, three-statement financial modeling, and synergy validation. The findings feed the LBO model and price negotiations.

Corporate M&A

Integration Focus

Strategic buyers overlay target financials onto internal management accounts: synergy validation, integration planning, and accounting policy alignment drive the mandate.

Red Flags

Initial warning signs

Customer concentration exceeding 30% of total revenue, particularly without long-term commercial contracts.

Declining gross margins without operational justification: often indicates pricing pressure or mix shift.

Working capital consuming cash faster than EBITDA growth: signals collection or inventory quality issues.

Capitalized costs expanding faster than revenue: frequently conceals underlying operating expenses.

"One-off" adjustments recurring year after year: these cease to be extraordinary items.

Deferred revenue growing faster than billings: potential indicator of aggressive revenue recognition.

Deliverables

What you receive

Quality of Earnings report, normalized working capital bridge, debt and debt-like items schedule, 3-year historical financial summary, customer and supplier concentration analysis, KPI dashboard, and an executive summary mapping every finding directly to purchase price or SPA clause implications.

Investment

Pricing

Discovery Call
$275 USD · 30 min

Fully credited toward any retained service.

Financial Due Diligence
$15,000 – $25,000 USD

A tailored proposal is provided following the Discovery Call.

On-Demand Advisory
$550 USD / hr

Targeted consultations without a full diligence mandate.

Formal proposals are issued after the Discovery Call based on asset scope, geography, and transaction complexity.

FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

What is financial due diligence?

It is the systematic review of a target company's historical and projected financial performance prior to an acquisition or investment. It validates Quality of Earnings, normalizes working capital, identifies debt-like items, and stress-tests financial model assumptions. Unlike an audit, its primary objective is to inform pricing and transaction structuring rather than certify financial statements.

How does financial due diligence differ from a financial audit?

A financial audit expresses an opinion on whether financial statements fairly present company performance under accounting standards. Financial due diligence does not issue audit opinions: it strips out non-recurring items, owner expenses, and accounting policy distortions to reveal true, sustainable EBITDA. Audits are retrospective and standardized; diligence is forward-looking and deal-specific.

What is Quality of Earnings (QoE)?

QoE is the core output of the review: an adjusted EBITDA schedule that removes one-off gains or losses, normalizes executive compensation, eliminates non-recurring items, and establishes sustainable earning power. This adjusted figure forms the true baseline to which buyers apply valuation multiples.

How long does financial due diligence take?

Lightweight financial reviews for VC rounds take 1 to 3 weeks. Larger private equity or M&A mandates take 4 to 6 weeks. While quantitative modeling—cohort analysis, margin benchmarking, working capital trends—is organized rapidly, executive interviews and deal-specific adjustments remain human-led.

When is financial due diligence required?

It is standard practice in PE acquisitions and bolt-on investments, mid-market M&A transactions, Series B+ funding rounds, secondary sales, corporate recapitalizations, and pre-IPO preparations. Seed and Series A rounds often bypass formal financial diligence, relying instead on commercial diligence and founder references.

The Differentiator

A network of +50 PhDs connecting you with the right specialist

We maintain active collaborations with a global network of over 50 independent PhD specialists. We deploy them on demand, tailored to each due diligence mandate, with active contributors across four key geographic hubs.

United StatesDeep tech · capital
ColombiaOrigins · applied science
SpainOperations · execution
GermanyResearch · industry
We reach the exact subject-matter expert across the Western Hemisphere. Guaranteed.
Let's Talk

Questions about transaction valuation?

Begin with a 30-minute Discovery Call. We will define what financial due diligence must uncover before signing.

Book Discovery Call →